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From Wharton to McClure's to Appleton to Macmillan: Journey of "Summer" from Manuscript to Print

From Wharton to McClure's to Appleton to Macmillan: Complete Comparative List, Chapter 1

As I have mentioned in the previous sections, since I have received the manuscript and the first three installments of Summer in McClure’s Magazine late, I could not incorporate data from these sources in the complete comparative list section. However, I have created a complete list of variations that I have noticed in Chapter 1 of Summer. This list includes data from the manuscript and the three editions of Summer––McClure’s Magazine Edition (MME), First American Edition (FAE), and First British Edition (FBE). While working on the list, one of the features that I noticed is that, compared to the chapter 1 in the FAE, chapter 1 in the MME and in the FBE are closer to the manuscript in certain places. For example, the MSS, the MME, and the FBE use quotation marks to highlight “city clothes,” while the FAE does not. Also, the MME is closer to the FBE in terms of punctuation, particularly in places where two modifier occurs before a noun. Both the MME and the FBE use a comma to separate two modifiers, for example, “pleasant, abrupt voice.” The MSS and the FAE do not do that. However, there are some information level changes that occur in the MME and in the FAE that distinguish these editions from the MSS and the FAE. The biggest example is the information that Mr. Royall brought Charity down from the Mountain. In the MSS and in the FAE, it’s Mrs. Royall who brings her down; however, the MME and the FAE change “Mrs. Royall” into “Mr. Royall.” The interesting fact is that even though the MSS has “Mrs. Royall,” Wharton did not correct that section in her copy of the FAE of Summer. For a detailed discussion on this alteration, visit Literary Analysis section of this book.

Complete Comparative List: Chapter 1

No.	Chapter & Criteria	*Summer, Wharton’s Manuscript* (MSS) *YCAL MSS 42 box 12 f. 351	*Summer, McClure’s Magazine* Edition (MME) *Chapter 1 appears in February 1917 issue	*Summer, First American Edition (FAE)*	*Summer, First American Edition with Wharton’s Corrections (EWPFAE)*	*Summer*, First British Edition (FBE)
	Ch 1 Capital	Not Available	A GIRL came out of lawyer Royall’s house, . . . (7)	A GIRL came out of lawyer Royall’s house, . . . (7)		A GIRL came out of Lawyer Royall’s house, . . . (3)
	Ch 1 Spell Conv Punc	Not Available	The spring-like transparent sky shed a rain of silver sunshine on the roofs of the village and on the pastures and larchwoods surrounding it. (7)	The springlike transparent sky shed a rain of silver sunshine on the roofs of the village, and on the pastures and larchwoods surrounding it. (7)		The spring-like transparent sky shed a rain of silver sunshine on the roofs of the village and on the pastures and larchwoods surrounding it. (3)
	Ch 1 Punc Capital Word Order	[MS beings on page 2 that begins from the following section] between lawyer Royall’s house & the point at the end of the village where the road rises . . . (2)	. . . Norway spruces in front of the Hatchard gate cast almost the only roadside shadow between lawyer Royall’s house and the point where, at the end of the village, the road rises . . . (7)	. . . Norway spruces in front of the Hatchard gate, cast almost the only roadside shadow between lawyer Royall’s house and the point where, at the end of the village, the road rises . . . (7)		. . . Norway spruces in front of the Hatchard gate cast almost the only roadside shadow between Lawyer Royall’s house and the point where, at the end of the village, the road rises . . . (3)
	Ch 1 Word Change	. . . skirts the black hemlock wall about the cemetery. (2) Note: Wharton first wrote “grave-yard,” then crossed it out, and replaced with “cemetery”	. . . skirts the black hemlock wall enclosing the cemetery. (7)	. . . skirts the black hemlock wall enclosing the cemetery. (8)		. . . skirts the black hemlock wall enclosing the cemetery. (3)
	Ch 1 Capital	. . . the girl on lawyer Royall’s doorstep . . . (2)	. . . the girl on lawyer Royall’s doorstep . . . (7)	. . . the girl on lawyer Royall’s doorstep . . . (8)		. . . the girl on Lawyer Royall’s doorstep . . . (3)
	Ch 1 Punc	. . . he wore “city clothes,” and that . . . (2)	. . . he wore “city clothes,” and that . . . (7)	. . . he wore city clothes, and that . . . (8)		. . . he wore “city clothes,” and that . . . (3)
	Ch 1 Word Change	. . . as the young and careless laugh at such misadventures. (2)	. . . as the young and careless laugh at such mishaps. (7)	. . . as the young and careless laugh at such mishaps. (8)		. . . as the young and careless laugh at such mishaps. (3)
	Ch 1 Word Del	. . . & the sudden shrinking that sometimes came over her . . . (2)	. . . and the shrinking that sometimes came over her . . . (7)	. . . and the shrinking that sometimes came over her . . . (8)		. . . and the shrinking that sometimes came over her . . . (3)
	Ch Para Break	. . . into her pocket. (para break) A narrow greenish mirror . . . (2) Note: Wharton first wrote “small,” then crossed it out, and replaced with “narrow.”	. . . into her pocket. A narrow greenish mirror . . . (7)	. . . into her pocket. A narrow greenish mirror . . . (8)		. . . into her pocket. A narrow greenish mirror . . . (3)
	Ch 1 Word Change	. . . June afternoon its few able-bodied citizens are . . . (3) Note: Wharton first wrote “men,” then crossed it out, and replaced with “citizens.”	. . . June afternoon its few able-bodied men are . . . (7)	. . . June afternoon its few able-bodied men are . . . (9)		. . . June afternoon its few able-bodied citizens are . . . (4)
	Ch 1 Word Change	. . . the women indoors, absorbed in listless household drudgery. (3)	. . . the women indoors, engaged in languid household drudgery. (7)	. . . the women indoors, engaged in languid household drudgery. (9)		. . . the women indoors, engaged in languid household drudgery. (4)
	Ch 1 Word Change(?)	She herself had lived there since the age of six[?], . . . (3)	She herself had lived there since the age of five, . . . (7)	She herself had lived there since the age of five, . . . (9)		She herself had lived there since the age of five, . . . (4)
	Ch 1 Punc Word Ins	But about a year before, the new clergyman at Hepburn, who drove . . . (3-4)	But about a year before, Mr. Miles, the new Episcopal clergyman at Hepburn, who drove. . . (7)	But about a year before, Mr. Miles, the new Episcopal clergyman at Hepburn, who drove. . . (9)		But about a year before Mr. Miles, the new Episcopal clergyman at Hepburn, who drove. . . (4)
	Ch 1 Spell Conv or Spell Error in FAE?	. . . had been piled into a farm-wagon, driven . . . (4)	. . . had been piled into a farm-wagon, driven . . . (8)	. . . had been piled into a farm-waggon, driven . . . (9)		. . . had been piled into a farm-wagon, driven . . . (4)
	Ch 1 Spell	. . . into shops with plate glass fronts, . . . (4) Note: Wharton added the word “plate” above the line and there is no hyphen after this word or before “glass.” So, not sure if she wanted “plate glass” to be hyphenated or not.	. . . into shops with plate-glass fronts, . . . (8)	. . . into shops with plate-glass fronts, . . . (10)		. . . into shops with plate-glass fronts, . . . (4)
	Ch 1 Spell	. . . tasted cocoa-nut pie . . . (4)	. . . tasted cocoanut pie . . . (8)	. . . tasted cocoanut pie . . . (10)		. . . tasted cocoanut pie . . . (4)
	Ch 1 Word Del	. . . had not prevented her understanding them . . . (4)	. . . had not prevented her from understanding them . . . (8)	. . . had not prevented her from understanding them . . . (10)		. . . had not prevented her understanding them . . . (4)
	Ch 1 Word Change	This initiation had shown her that North Dormer . . . (4) Note: There is a line under the word “initiation” in MSS. The color of the ink of the line is slightly lighter than the color of the ink used for the word. Not sure if Wharton underlined it to italicize the word or is it an impression from the other side (even though the ink is darker than usual impressions).	This initiative had shown her that North Dormer . . . (8)	This initiation had shown her that North Dormer . . . (10)		This initiation had shown her that North Dormer . . . (4)
	Ch 1 Word Change	. . . had hitherto failed to excite. (4)	. . . had previously failed to excite. (8)	. . . had previously failed to excite. (10)		. . . had hitherto failed to excite. (4)
	Ch 1 Capital Sent Del Punc Sent Comb	The sight of the stranger once more revived memories of Nettleton, & the old uneasiness stirred in her. North Dormer shrank to its real size, & as she looked up and down it, from lawyer Royall’s faded red house at one end to the white church at the other . . . (5)	The sight of the stranger once more revived memories of Nettleton, and North Dormer shrank to its real size. As she looked up and down it, from lawyer Royall’s faded red house at one end to the white church at the other . . . (8)	The sight of the stranger once more revived memories of Nettleton, and North Dormer shrank to its real size. As she looked up and down it, from lawyer Royall’s faded red house at one end to the white church at the other . . . (10)		The sight of the stranger once more revived memories of Nettleton, and North Dormer shrank to its real size. As she looked up and down it, from Lawyer Royall’s faded red house at one end to the white church at the other . . . (4)
	Ch 1 Punc	There it lay, a weather-beaten sunburnt village of the hills . . . (5)	There it lay, a weather-beaten, sunburnt village of the hills . . . (8)	There it lay, a weather-beaten sunburnt village of the hills . . . (10)		There it lay, a weather-beaten sunburnt village of the hills . . . (5)
	Ch 1 Spell Conv	. . . blessings of the most refined civilization. (6)	. . . blessings of the most refined civilization. (8)	. . . blessings of the most refined civilization. (11)		. . . blessings of the most refined civilisation. (5)
	Ch 1 Space Word Change	Every one in the place had told her . . . (6)	Everyone in the place had told her . . . (8)	Everyone in the village had told her . . . (11)		Everyone in the village had told her . . . (5)
	Ch 1 Punc Word Change Capital	. . . occasion in her life: “My child, you must never cease to remember that it was Mrs. Royall who brought you down from the mountain.” (6)	. . . occasion in her life: “My child, you must never cease to remember that it was Mr. Royall who brought you down from the Mountain.” (8)	. . . occasion in her life: “My child, you must never cease to remember that it was Mr. Royall who brought you down from the Mountain.” (11)		. . . occasion in her life, “My child, you must never cease to remember that it was Mrs. Royall who brought you down from the Mountain.” (5)
	Ch 1 Capital	. . . “brought down from the mountain”; (6)	. . . “brought down from the Mountain”; (8)	. . . “brought down from the Mountain”; (11)		. . . “brought down from the Mountain”; (5)
	Ch 1 Word Del	. . . from the great[?] scarred cliff that lifted . . . (6)	. . . from the scarred cliff that lifted . . . (8)	. . . from the scarred cliff that lifted . . . (11)		. . . from the great scarred cliff that lifted . . . (5)
	Ch 1 Word Del	. . . above the lesser slopes of the Eagle Range, . . . (6)	. . . above the lesser slopes of Eagle Range, . . . (8)	. . . above the lesser slopes of Eagle Range, . . . (11)		. . . above the lesser slopes of Eagle Range, . . . (5)
	Ch 1 Word Change	. . . of gloom to the lonely valley . . . (6)	. . . of gloom to the lonely valley . . . (8)	. . . of gloom to the lonely valley . . . (11)		. . . of gloom to the lonely village . . . (5)
	Ch 1 Punc	The “Mountain” was a good fifteen miles away . . . (6)	The “Mountain” was a good fifteen miles away . . . (8)	The Mountain was a good fifteen miles away . . . (11)		The Mountain was a good fifteen miles away . . . (5)
	Ch 1 Spell Conv Capital	. . . a thread of vapour over North Dormer, it drifted to the mountain as a ship drifts to a . . . (7)	. . . . . . a thread of vapor over North Dormer, it drifted to the mountain as a ship drifts to a . . . (8)	. . . . . . a thread of vapour over North Dormer, it drifted to the Mountain as a ship drifts to a . . . (12)		. . . . . . a thread of vapour over North Dormer, it drifted to the Mountain as a ship drifts to a . . . (5)
	Ch 1 Capital	Charity was not very clear about the mountain; (7)	Charity was not very clear about the Mountain; (8)	Charity was not very clear about the Mountain; (12)		Charity was not very clear about the Mountain; (5)
	Ch 1 Word Order Word Ins	. . . the vision of Nettleton’s glittering streets . . . (7)	. . . the vision of the glittering streets of Nettleton. . . (8)	. . . the vision of the glittering streets of Nettleton. . . (12)		. . . the vision of the glittering streets of Nettleton. . . (5)
	Ch 1 Punc	. . . aware of Annabel Balch of Springfield, . . . (7) Note: Wharton put a comma after Balch first but later crossed it out with a pencil.	. . . aware of Annabel Balch of Springfield, . . . (8)	. . . aware of Annabel Balch of Springfield, . . . (12)		. . . aware of Annabel Balch, of Springfield, . . . (6)
	Ch 1 Word Del Sent Break	Half way down the street she stopped, pushed open weak-hinged gate & walked down a brick path to a queer little . . . (8)	Half way down the street she stopped at a weak-hinged gate. Passing through it, she walked down a brick path to a queer little . . . (8)	Half way down the street she stopped at a weak-hinged gate. Passing through it, she walked down a brick path to a queer little . . . (13)		Half way down the street she stopped at a weak-hinged gate. Passing through it, she walked down a brick path to a queer little . . . (6)
	Ch1 Word change	The library informed its rare visitors, . . . (8)	The library informed its infrequent visitors, . . . (8)	The library informed its infrequent visitors, . . . (13)		The library informed its infrequent visitors, . . . (6)
	Ch 1 Word Change	. . . sat at her desk under a fly-blown steel engraving . . . (9)	. . . sat at her desk under a freckled steel engraving . . . (8)	. . . sat at her desk under a freckled steel engraving . . . (13)		. . . sat at her desk under a freckled steel engraving . . . (6)
	Ch 1 Punc	. . . with a listless step, she took off . . . (9)	. . . with a listless step she took off . . . (8)	. . . with a listless step she took off . . . (14)		. . . with a listless step, she took off . . . (6)
	Ch 1 Spell Conv Word Ins	. . lace and a steel crochet. (9)	. . lace and a steel crochet hook . (8)	. . lace and a steel crochet hook . (14)		. . lace and a steel crochet-hook . (6)
		She was not an expert workwoman . . . (9)	She was not an expert work woman . . . (8)	She was not an expert workwoman . . . (14)		She was not an expert workwoman . . . (6)
	Ch 1 Punc	. . . a disintegrated copy of The Lamplighter. (9)	. . a disintegrated copy of “The Lamplighter.” (8)	. . . a disintegrated copy of “The Lamplighter.” (14)		. . . a disintegrated copy of “The Lamplighter.” (6)
	Ch 1 Punc Word Change	Without taking any notice of her, he began to stroll slowly about the long vault-like room, his hands . . . (10)	Without taking any notice of her he began to move slowly about the long, vault-like room, his hands . . . (8)	Without taking any notice of her he began to move slowly about the long vault-like room, his hands . . . (14)		Without taking any notice of her he began to move slowly about the long, vault-like room, his hands . . . (7)
	Ch 1 Word Del	. . . up and down the rows of black cloth & rusty calf bindings. (10)	. . . up and down the rows of rusty bindings. (8)	. . . up and down the rows of rusty bindings. (15)		. . . up and down the rows of rusty bindings. (7)
	Ch 1 Punc	. . . asked in a pleasant abrupt voice; (10)	. . . asked in a pleasant, abrupt voice; (8)	. . . asked in a pleasant abrupt voice; (15)		. . . asked in a pleasant, abrupt voice; (7)
	Ch 1 Capital Word Del	“Why, you know—” he broke off suddenly, & she . . . (11)	“Why, you know—” he broke off, and she . . . (8)	“Why, you know—” He broke off, and she . . . (15)		“Why, you know—” he broke off, and she . . . (7)
	Ch 1 Punc	. . . thread of his remark, did not escape her attention; and she looked down and smiled. (11)	. . . thread of his remark did not escape her attention, and she looked down and smiled. (8)	. . . thread of his remark, did not escape her attention, and she looked down and smiled. (15)		. . . thread of his remark did not escape her attention, and she looked down and smiled. (7)
	Ch 1 Punc	“In fact, it would be almost a pity––” (11)	“In fact, it would be almost a pity!” (8)	“In fact, it would be almost a pity––” (15)		“In fact, it would be almost a pity––” (7)
	Ch 1 Sent Del	“Oh, well––” he hesitated. “Because it’s so much pleasanter, . . .” (11)	“Because it’s so much pleasanter, . . .” (8)	“Because it’s so much pleasanter, . . .” (15)		“Because it’s so much pleasanter, . . .” (7)
	Ch 1 Punc	. . . rejoined with a sigh: “I’m afraid I can’t help you much.” (12)	. . . rejoined with a sigh: “I’m afraid I can’t help you much.” (8)	. . . rejoined with a sigh: “I’m afraid I can’t help you much.” (15)		. . . rejoined with a sigh, “I’m afraid I can’t help you much.” (7)
	Ch 1 Punc	. . . there weren’t many books anyhow, and that . . . (12)	. . . there weren’t many books, anyhow, and that . . . (8)	. . . there weren’t many books anyhow, and that . . . (15)		. . . there weren’t many books anyhow, and that . . . (7)
	Ch 1 Word Change	His indifference hurt her, and she picked up her work, . . . (12)	His indifference nettled her, and she picked up her work, . . . (8)	His indifference nettled her, and she picked up her work, . . . (16)		His indifference nettled her, and she picked up her work, . . . (7)
	Ch 1 Punc	. . . the tall cobwebby volumes from a distant shelf. (12)	. . . the tall, cobwebby volumes from a distant shelf. (8)	. . . the tall cobwebby volumes from a distant shelf. (16)		. . . the tall cobwebby volumes from a distant shelf. (7)
	Ch 1 Word Change	He turned around and looked at her with reviving interest. (13)	He turned round and looked at her with reviving interest. (8)	He turned around and looked at her with reviving interest. (16)		He turned around and looked at her with reviving interest. (8)
	Ch 1 Word Change	. . . can’t dust all those[?] books. (13)	. . . can’t dust all these books. (8)	. . . can’t dust all these books. (16)		. . . can’t dust all those books. (8)
	Ch 1 Word Del	. . . nobody ever looks at them, now that Miss Hatchard’s too lame . . . (13)	. . . nobody ever looks at them, now Miss Hatchard’s too lame . . . (8)	. . . nobody ever looks at them, now Miss Hatchard’s too lame . . . (16)		. . . nobody ever looks at them, now Miss Hatchard’s too lame . . . (8)
	Ch 1 Phrs Del	He laid down on the desk the book he had been wiping, . . . (13)	He laid down the book he had been wiping, . . . (8)	He laid down the book he had been wiping, . . . (16)		He laid down the book he had been wiping, . . . (8)
	Ch 1 Word Del	. . . he was poking about among her books. (13)	. . . he was poking about her books. (8)	. . . he was poking about among her books. (17)		. . . he was poking about among her books. (8)
	Ch 1 Punc?	. . . to disarm a visible distrust: “My name is Harney––Lucius Harney . . .” (13) Note: The colon after “distrust” is confusing, because the dots of the colons in MSS are usually very sharp and round. The lower dot of the colon after “distrust” looks like a half comma. But seeing other examples of semicolons in the MSS, I decided that this is a colon. Because the comma in the semicolon is larger in the MSS.	. . . to disarm a visible distrust: “My name is Harney–– Lucius Harney . . .” (17)	. . . to disarm a visible distrust: “My name is Harney––Lucius Harney . . .” (17)		. . . to disarm a visible distrust: “My name is Harney––Lucius Harney . . .” (8)
	Ch 1 Word Ins	. . . she could have said: “She has.” (14)	. . . she could have said: “Yes, she has.” (8)	. . . she could have said: “Yes, she has.” (17)		. . . she could have said: “Yes, she has.” (8)
	Ch 1 Punc	. . . he remarked; “You don’t seem strong on architecture.” (14)	. . . he remarked: “You don’t seem strong on architecture.” (8)	. . . he remarked: “You don’t seem strong on architecture.” (17)		. . . he remarked: “You don’t seem strong on architecture.” (8)
	Ch 1 Punc	. . . bewilderment was complete; the more . . . (14)	. . . bewilderment was complete; the more . . . (8)	. . . bewilderment was complete: the more . . . (17)		. . . bewilderment was complete; the more . . . (8)
	Ch 1 Italicize	. . . her ignorance settled down on her again like a pall[?]. (14) Note: There is a very light blue line under pall in the MSS. Not sure if Wharton meant this word to be italicized or is the line an impression from the reverse side of the page.	. . . her ignorance settled down on her again like a pall. (8)	. . . her ignorance settled down on her again like a pall. (17)		. . . her ignorance settled down on her again like a pall. (8)
	Ch 1 Word Del	. . . and fears that he has been voluble. (14)	. . . and fears he has been voluble. (8)	. . . and fears he has been voluble. (18)		. . . and fears he has been voluble. (9)
	Ch 1 Para Break	He laughed . . . end of the room. (two sections are put together as a single paragraph) (15)	He laughed . . . end of the room. (two sections are put together as a single paragraph) (8)	He laughed … again. “Haven’t you . . . end of the room. (18)		He laughed . . . end of the room. (two sections are put together as a single paragraph) (9)
	Ch 1 Word Del	. . . a book or pamphlet telling about its first settlement,” he presently said . . . (15)	. . . a book or pamphlet about its first settlement,” he presently said . . . (8)	. . . a book or pamphlet about its first settlement,” he presently said . . . (18)		. . . a book or pamphlet about its first settlement,” he presently said . . . (9)
	Ch 1 Capital	“North Dormer & the early townships of Eagle County.” (15)	“North Dormer and the early townships of Eagle County.” (8)	“North Dormer and the Early Townships of Eagle County.” (18)		“North Dormer and the Early Townships of Eagle County.” (9)
	Ch 1 Punc	. . . a limp weakly book that . . . (15)	. . . a limp weakly book that . . . (8)	. . . a limp weakly book that . . . (18)		. . . a limp, weakly book that . . . (9)
	Ch 1 Space	. . . wondering how any one could have taken the trouble to write a book . . . (15)	. . . wondering how anyone could have taken the trouble to write a book . . . (8)	. . . wondering how anyone could have taken the trouble to write a book . . . (19)		. . . wondering how anyone could have taken the trouble to write a book . . . (9)
	Ch 1 Word Ins Punc?	. . . the folds of desolate ridges: Dormer, where North Dormer . . . (15) Note: The colon after “ridges” is confusing, because the dots of the colons in MSS are usually very sharp and round. The lower dot of the colon after “ridges” looks like a half comma. But seeing other examples of semicolons in the MSS, I decided that this is a colon. Because the comma in the semicolon is larger in the MSS.	. . . the folds of the desolate ridges: Dormer, where North Dormer . . . (8)	. . . the folds of the desolate ridges: Dormer, where North Dormer . . . (19)		. . . the folds of the desolate ridges: Dormer, where North Dormer . . . (15)
	Ch 1 Spell Conv	. . . its grey walls stood decaying by the stream; (16)	. . . its gray walls stood decaying by the stream; (8)	. . . its grey walls stood decaying by the stream; (19)		. . . its grey walls stood decaying by the stream; (9)
	Ch 1 Punc Word Ins	. . . he said again; & she knew . . . (16)	. . . he said again; and she knew . . . (8)	. . . he said again. She knew . . . (19)		. . . he said again; and she knew . . . (9)
	Ch 1 Punc	“. . . would do this good: it’s rather valuable.” (16)	“. . . would do this good; it’s rather valuable.” (10)	“. . . would do this good; it’s rather valuable.” (19)		“. . . would do this good; it’s rather valuable.” (9)

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