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From Wharton to McClure's to Appleton to Macmillan: Journey of "Summer" from Manuscript to Print

Works Cited

Editions Cited
Wharton Edith. Summer. 1917. Laura Rattray (ed.), Oxford World’s Classics, 2015.
--- Summer. 1917. D. Appleton and Company, 1917.
--- Summer. May 1917-August 1917. In McClure’s Magazine, Volumes XLIX and L, May to December 1917, The McClure Publications Inc., 1917.
--- Summer. February 1917-April 1917. In McClure’s Magazine, Volumes XLVIII, November 1916 to April 1917, The McClure Publications Inc., 1917.
--- Holograph manuscript, corrected (incomplete), n.d.. YCAL MSS 42 Series I Box: 12, Folders 351-363, Edith Wharton Collection, Yale Collection of American Literature, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library. https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/11/archival_objects/607869

Works Cited
Blackall, Jean Frantz. “Edith Wharton’s Art of Ellipsis.” The Journal of Narrative Technique, Vol. 17(2), 1987, pp. 145-162. https://www.jstor.org/stable/30225179
Lee, Hermione. Edith Wharton. Alfred A Knopf, 2007.
Lewis, R.W.B. Edith Wharton: A Biography. Harper and Row, Publishers, Inc., 1975.
Rattray, Laura. “Introduction.” Summer. 1917. Laura Rattray (ed.), Oxford World’s Classics, 2015, pp ix-xxxi.
Risam, Roopika. “Mapping Migration: Beyond the Migrant “Problem.”” Center for Digital Curation and Scholarship (CDSC) Spring Symposium, Washington State University, March 4-5, 2019.
Towheed, Shafquat. The Correspondence of Edith Wharton and Macmillan, 1901-1930. Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.
---. ““An Appreciative and Grateful Author”: Edith Wharton and the House of Macmillan.” Publishing History, 58, 2005, pp. 43–77.
Williams, Proctor William and Craig S. Abbott. An Introduction to Bibliographical and Textual Studies, Fourth Edition. The Modern Language Association of America, 2009.
Wharton, Edith. A Backward Glance. D. Appleton-Century Company, Inc., 1934.

Images Used
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Reader's Guide
Dear Readers,
This section is meant to help you navigate From Wharton to McClure's to Appleton to Macmillan: Journey of "Summer" from Manuscript to Print . This section includes directions on how to access different pages of the book.
Thank you for reading the book.

Navigating the Book
From the landing page of the book till the end, you will see a blue box at the bottom of each page. When you click that, you will be directed to the next page. However, if you do not want to follow the linear path and want to look at a specific section, you have two options.

All the sections in the “Table of Contents” are hyperlinked and if you click on a particular section, you will be directed to that section only. The hyperlinks also allow you to open a page in a new window. To do that, you will have to right click on the hyperlinked section and choose "open in a new window" option from the drop-down menu.

Also, there is a dropdown menu on the left side of the project and this menu can be accessed from all pages. When you click that menu, you can see the list of all the sections in the book and you can click any section that you want to visit.

Navigating the Charts

To make your navigation of the complete comparative chart easier, hyperlinked lists of sections are provided at the beginning of that section. Also, whenever I referred to any section in my discussions, I have hyperlinked that section so that you can easily jump to that section. All the variations are highlighted within the chart to make them easily identifiable. Particularly, I would like to draw your attention to the sections that include examples of Ellipsis variations. I have used three spaced dots for all the entries since I could not write the whole sentence or paragraph, except a few exceptions. Do not confuse those three spaced dots with Ellipsis. Only the highlighted three spaced dots or four spaced dots (unspaced period+ three spaced dots) are examples of Ellipsis. Also, the complete chart highlights all the differences where more than one alteration occur in one sentence or section. However, in the smaller charts, I have highlighted the changes that are relevant to a particular category. I have removed the yellow highlights from the other changes that occur in those sentences or sections. The objective is to help you do more focused study of specific categories.
The page numbers that are used in the lists follow these editions (click this hyperlinked word to view the full citations): The Manuscript of Summer from Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, McClure’s Magazine (Volumes XLVIII and XLIX and L), The First American Edition by Appleton, and the 2015 reproduction of the First British Edition by Oxford World’s Classics. The Works Cited section uses MLA 8^th Edition for the full citations. However, in other sections, I did not strictly follow any style and have provided as much information as possible to make things easier. For example, while citing the Manuscript, I have always included the page number and the box information or file number. Wharton’s page numbers in the Manuscript are not consistent with the chapter divisions of the novel. Thus, I thought that providing more information will be helpful if you want to check the original source.

Different Sections at a Glance
Below is a quick summary of different sections of this Scalar book. All the section titles are hyperlinked and can be opened in a new window (right click for the drop down menu). So, if you want to jump to a section, click on the relevant title.

History of the Major Editions of Edith Wharton’s “Summer”
This section provides an overview of the history of the major editions of Wharton’s Summer and includes a list of 50 corrections that Wharton made on her copy of the First American Edition of Summer.

From Wharton to McClure's to Appleton to Macmillan: Complete Comparative List, Chapter 1
This section provides a complete comparative list of Chapter 1 that includes all the renditions of Summer, from the Manuscript to the First British Edition.

From Wharton to McClure's to Appleton to Macmillan: Editorial Process
This section includes the transcriptions of couple of small sections from all the versions of Summer, from the Manuscript to the First British Edition.

Complete Comparative Chart
This section includes the full list of variations based on a comparative study of the First American Edition and the First British Edition of Summer. The list does not yet include data from the manuscript and the McClure’s Magazine edition of Summer.

Comparative Chart by Category: Punctuation
This section provides a complete list of punctuation variations based on a comparative study of the First American Edition and the First British Edition of Summer. The section begins with a short description that introduces the section to the readers.

Comparative Chart by Category: Ellipsis
This section provides a complete list of ellipsis variations based on a comparative study of the First American Edition and the First British Edition of Summer. The section begins with a short description that introduces the section to the readers.

Comparative Chart by Category: Capitalization, Italicization, and Pluralization
This section provides 3 lists that illustrate variations in capitalization, italicization, and pluralization, based on a comparative study of the First American Edition and the First British Edition of Summer. The section begins with a short description that introduces the section to the readers.

Comparative Chart by Category: Spelling Conventions
This section provides a complete list of variations in American and British spelling conventions based on a comparative study of the First American Edition and the First British Edition of Summer. The section begins with a short description that introduces the section to the readers and provides some rules and examples to illustrate the spelling conventions.

Comparative Chart by Category: Words and Phrases
This section provides a complete list of variations in words and phrases based on a comparative study of the First American Edition and the First British Edition of Summer. The section begins with a short description that introduces the section to the readers.

Comparative Chart by Category: Sentence
This section provides a complete list of variations in terms of sentence and sentence structure based on a comparative study of the First American Edition and the First British Edition of Summer. The section begins with a short description that introduces the section to the readers.

Comparative Chart by Category: Interface
This section provides a complete list of variations in paragraph break and letter style based on a comparative study of the First American Edition and the First British Edition of Summer. The section includes detailed explanations of the variations with relevant examples.

Literary Analysis
This section discusses how the variations in different editions can influence our understanding of the novel. This section includes two subsections that discusses different interpretive possibilities that a comparative study of the editions can offer.

Pedagogical Implications (This section is still under construction)
This section discusses the pedagogical implications of this project in literature classrooms. The section also highlights some other disciplines where this project can be incorporated for pedagogical purposes.

List of Abbreviations and Shortened Words

Below is a complete list of abbreviations and shortened words used in this project. The list follows alphabetical order.

Capitalization	Capital
Combination or Combined	Comb
Convention	Conv
Deletion	Del
Edith Wharton’s Proofread Version of the First American Edition	EWPFAE
First American Edition	FAE
First British Edition	FBE
Insertion	Ins
Italicization	Italicize
McLure’s Magazine Edition	MME
Manuscript of Summer	MSS
Paragraph	Para
Phrase	Phrs
Pluralization	Plural
Punctuation	Punc
Sentence	Sent
Singular	Sing
Spelling	Spell